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Chipmunk basic random number generator#
Chipmunk basic random number code#

Long variable names (most BASIC implementations only allowed single character variable names in the older days).

Indenting FOR/NEXT loops and subroutines.

Walter argues in the article about several issues that could easily be corrected by adopting elements chosen by Python: PDP-8 users preferred BASIC to FOCAL so much that Digital chose BASIC to be the main language for its PDP-11.īut BASIC suffered as it’s creators never wanted to sacrifice backwards compatibility. decided to put BASIC on its PDP-8 computers as an alternative to FOCAL. But the big clincher came when Digital Equipment Corp. For editing, it used statement numbers: “to delete a line, just type the line’s number to correct a line, just retype it.” Kemeny and Kurtz mastered politics: motivating their students to write the compiler and ran an in-service program for high school teachers, who spread the good news. It included four simple pairs of jobcontrol commands: HELLO & BYE, NEW & OLD, SAVE & UNSAVE and LIST & RUN. It used an exciting interactive timesharing system. They retained the ALGOL words FOR, TO, STEP and THEN but eliminated ALGOL’s complex options such as integers versus reals (BASIC automatically gives you reals), local versus global variables (BASIC automatically gives you globals), and simple versus compound statements (BASIC forces you to use simple statements).īASIC became popular for several reasons. John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz invented BASIC at Dartmouth College, in 1963, by simplifying the computer language ALGOL.

Chipmunk basic random number code#

At that time 90% of business code was in COBOL but 60% of that done by students was in BASIC (when they weren’t doing their FORTRAN homework). Russ Walter suggested changes in January/February 1977 issue of Personal Computing Magazine. Here, upperbound is the highest number in the range, and lowerbound is the lowest number in the range.Twitter’s Trammell Hudson highlights an article from 1977 where it was suggested adopting Python-like syntax in BASIC. randomValue = CInt(Math.Floor((upperbound - lowerbound + 1) * Rnd())) + lowerbound To produce random integers in a given range, use the following formula.

Chipmunk basic random number generator#

The value of Number determines how Rnd generates a random number.įor any given initial seed, the same number sequence is generated because each successive call to the Rnd function uses the previously generated number as a seed for the next number in the sequence.īefore calling Rnd, use the Randomize statement without an argument to initialize the random-number generator with a seed based on the system timer. The Rnd function returns a value less than 1, but greater than or equal to zero. ' Initialize the random-number generator.ĭim value As Integer = CInt(Int((6 * Rnd()) + 1)) This example uses the Rnd function to generate a random integer value in the range from 1 to 6. If number is not supplied, Rnd generates the next random number in the sequence. If number is equal to zero, Rnd generates the most recently generated number. If number is greater than zero, Rnd generates the next random number in the sequence. If number is less than zero, Rnd generates the same number every time, using Number as the seed. A Single value or any valid Single expression.